Rates of coastal erosion and accretion in New Zealand Journal Paper
- Author
- Gibb, J.G.
- Year
- 1978
- Journal / Source
- New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research
- Volume
- 12
- Number
- 4
- Pages
- 429-456
- Summary
- Rates of coastal erosion and accretion for New Zealand are calculated for the period since early European colonisation. Methods used for calculating rates from cadastral plans, vertical aerial photographs and field measurements are described, evaluated, and illustrated with examples. The most natural reference line for measurements of shoreline changes and for defining the seaward boundary of land is the seaward limit of land vegetation. Measurements made from air photographs and plans at scales larger than 1:4000 have errors less than